بحث عن Septicemia خاص بعاشقة الجنان

Septicemia

Alternative Names
Blood poisoning; Bacteremia with sepsis

Definition

Septicemia is the presence of bacteria in the blood (bacteremia) and is often associated with severe disease.

Causes

Septicemia is a serious, life-threatening infection that gets worse very quickly. It can arise from infections throughout the body, including infections in the lungs, abdomen, and urinary tract. It may come before or at the same time as infections of the bone (osteomyelitis), central nervous system (meningitis), or other tissues.

Symptoms

Septicemia can begin with spiking fevers, chills, rapid breathing, and rapid heart rate. The person looks very ill.

The symptoms rapidly progress to shock with decreased body temperature (hypothermia), falling blood pressure, confusion or other changes in mental status, and blood clotting problems that lead to a specific type of red spots on the skin (petechiae and ecchymosis).

There may be decreased or no urine output.

Exams and Tests

Physical examination may show:
Low blood pressure
Low body temperature or fever
Signs of associated disease (such as meningitis, epiglottitis, pneumonia, or cellulitis)

Tests that can confirm infection include:
Blood culture
Urine culture
CSF culture
Culture of any suspect skin lesion
CBC
Platelet count
Clotting studies
PT
PTT
Fibrinogen levels
Blood gases

Treatment

Septicemia is a serious condition that requires a hospital stay. You may be admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU).

Fluids and medicines are given by an IV to maintain the blood pressure.

Oxygen will be given. Antibiotics are used to treat the infection.

Plasma or other blood products may be given to correct any clotting abnormalities.

Outlook (Prognosis)

Septic shock has a high death rate, exceeding 50%, depending on the type of organism involved. The organism involved and how quickly the patient is hospitalized will determine the outcome.

Possible Complications

Septicemia can rapidly lead to adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), septic shock, and death.

Septicemia associated with meningococci can lead to shock, adrenal collapse, and Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome.

When to Contact a Medical Professional Return to top

Septicemia is not common but is devastating. Early recognition may prevent progression to shock.

Seek immediate care if:
A person has a fever, shaking chills, and looks acutely ill
There are signs of bleeding into the skin
Any person who has been ill has changes in mental status

Call your health care provider if your child is not current on vaccinations.

Prevention

Appropriate treatment of localized infections can prevent septicemia. The Haemophilus influenza B (HIB) vaccine has already reduced the number of cases of Haemophilus septicemia and is a routine part of the recommended childhood immunization schedule.

Children who have had their spleen removed or who have diseases that damage the spleen (such as sickle cell anemia) should receive pneumococcal vaccine. Pneumococcal vaccine is not part of the routine childhood immunization schedule.

Persons who are in close contact with someone with septicemia may be prescribed preventative antibiotics.

بحث أخر عن Septicemia

Septicemia

Definition of Sepsis - Septicemia
Septicemia, sometimes referred to as bacteremia, is a syndrome that results from an acute invasion of the bloodstream by certain microorganisms or their toxic products.

Description of Sepsis - Septicemia
Any pathogenic organism can cause septicemia and septic shock. Septic shock is most commonly caused by gram-negative bacteria. Staphylococci, streptococci and other gram-positive organisms are less frequent, as are fungi and certain rare viruses.

Fever, chills, tachycardia (rapid heart beat), and tachypnea (rapid respirations) are common acute symptoms of septicemia. When hypotension (low blood pressure) and signs of inadequate organ perfusion develop, the condition is termed septic shock.

Unfortunately, with the spread of the microorganisms, the tissue injury and the development of organ failure, septic shock has a mortality rate as high as 40 to 60 percent in patients with severe underlying disease (immunosuppression). In patien

Causes and Risk Factors of Sepsis - Septicemia
Many organisms that are normal flora on the skin and in the intestines are beneficial and pose no threat. But when they spread throughout the body by way of the bloodstream, they can progress to overwhelming infection unless the body defenses destroy them.

The entry of these organisms can be from another site of infection, a surgical procedure handling infected tissue, an invasive diagnostic procedures, intravenous lines (rarely), urinary catheters, and knife or bullet wounds. Any person with an impaired immunity, the newborn and the elderly are at the greatest risk.

About two-thirds of septic shock cases occur in hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases. Others at high risk include patients with burns; chronic cardiac, liver or kidney disorders; diabetes mellitus; malnutrition; and excessive antibiotic use.

Symptoms of Sepsis - Septicemia
Most patients have fever and chills, often of abrupt onset. However, some patients may be hypothermic (low temperature). Patients may breathe more rapidly and have changes in mental status (how they think, their alertness, etc.). Hypotension (low blood pressure) is an unfavorable sign.

Diagnosis of Sepsis - Septicemia
A medical history, physical examination, and blood tests including blood cultures (to isolate the infectious agent) will be performed.

Treatment of Sepsis - Septicemia
Reversal of septicemia or septic shock depends upon aggressive treatment of the underlying infection. The treatment will vary according to how severe the septicemia is, the condition of the person, and the severity of the underlying disease.

If possible, the surgical removal or drainage of the source of the infections should be done. Antibiotics should be initiated as soon as the diagnosis is suspected.

The antibiotics and treatment can then be adjusted after the results of diagnostic tests. Intravenous fluids and blood pressure medications may be necessary if hypotension (low blood pressure) or shock develops.

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بحث عن Septicemia خاص بعاشقة الجنان 272371

بحث عن Septicemia خاص بعاشقة الجنان 866445

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